Patients with uremia, due to the decline or loss of kidney function, are unable to discharge waste and water produced by metabolism in their own bodies. In order to maintain the normal metabolism and activity needs of the human body, we can expel toxins and water produced by the human body through hemodialysis to reduce symptoms and improve quality of life. So what are the precautions in the daily life of hemodialysis patients?  

1. Regular dialysis    

Hemodialysis patients must undergo dialysis to reduce the uremic toxins in your body to a reasonable level. Adequate blood flow is a prerequisite for regular dialysis. Dialysis two to three times a week, four hours each time, at least 12 hours a week of treatment time, is the basic guarantee. Only through adequate dialysis can the body's excess water and metabolic waste be cleaned out, maintain the stability of the internal and internal environment, reduce long-term complications, and improve the quality of life.

2. Control your blood pressure

Blood pressure should be measured at least once a week to maintain a stable blood pressure, too high blood pressure is very bad for the patient's heart and blood vessels, and may cause cerebral hemorrhage. Take antihypertensive drugs to do: on time, quantitative medication according to the doctor's advice, if the blood pressure is unstable kidney friends, be sure to respond with the doctor, timely adjustment of the drug or dialysis program.  

3. Improve anemia

The common symptoms of anemia are: pale nails and lips, difficulty breathing, easy fatigue, dizziness, poor sleep, palpitation and so on. Ways to improve anemia include consistent use of erythropoietin, iron, folic acid, vitamins, and more.

4. Evaluate dialysis quality regularly

Check renal function, electrolyte, blood routine, iron metabolism, parathyroid hormone and other basic tests every 1-3 months. Other examinations: chest film, internal fistula, heart color ultrasound, electrocardiogram, etc., if the dry weight is inaccurate, the body is uncomfortable, these auxiliary examinations can help you see the problem more intuitively.  

5. Cut back on salt

Because salt will increase the thirst of patients, and increase the amount of water. The daily intake of salt for patients with edema and hypertension is not more than 3g, and the daily intake of salt for patients without the above conditions is not more than 6g. Good living habits are very important: light diet, do not eat chili, quit smoking alcohol, do not stay up late and so on.

6. Limit your water intake

Too much water will make the patient gain a lot of weight during dialysis, which will increase the burden of the heart, and will increase the ultrafiltration volume, and excessive ultrafiltration is easy to convulsion, low blood pressure and even shock. Do not gain more than 1 kg per day between dialysis sessions. Try to control the amount of water and do not eat porridge, noodles and other water content too much food.

7. Try to avoid foods high in potassium

Soup type: thick broth, chicken essence, beef gravy.

Fruits: banana, cantaloupe, cherry, apricot, lemon, orange, persimmon.

Vegetables: bamboo shoots, daylily, broad beans, potatoes, amaranth, spinach, mushroom.

Others: Bean products, nuts, ketchup, concentrated juice, seaweed, kelp, fungus, tremella tremella, coffee, sports drinks, chocolate.

A lot of emergency dialysis patients are because of high potassium.

8. Protect arteriovenous fistula

① Keep your skin clean. Bathing or swimming is best done the day before the next dialysis, or apply a waterproof tape to the piercing. If there is an internal fistula puncture point or there is red, swollen, heat, pain or secretions along the internal fistula, you should seek medical attention in time.

② The pulsation and vascular flutter of the internal fistula were observed frequently.

③ Proper vascular filling exercise on non-dialysis days and proper massage of blood vessels can achieve the purpose of increasing vascular filling, improving the elasticity of the skin and blood vessel wall, and promoting the absorption of blood infiltration under the skin.

④ It is forbidden to measure blood pressure and venipentesis in the internal fistulas, avoid lifting heavy objects, wear loose clothes, and do not use the arm of the internal fistulas as a pillow when sleeping, so as not to compress the side limb and cause blockage of the internal fistulas.